PNC之三-終點圖書館
作者:lisky 日期:2013-02-23
PNC之三 - 終點圖書館
2013.2.23 李宗薇
十一月中旬接到建築師朋友email,說因免美簽,規劃了為期八天的加州建築之旅。北加州參觀處有舊金山市政廳、金門大橋、加大柏克萊校園等處,然行程與PNC重疊,無法參加。雖有點遺憾,但想至少可就PNC會議之便,好好參觀柏克萊校園內建築,略有補償。
PNC第一天中午,秘書處安排了UC-Berkeley 的 C. V. Starr 東亞圖書館參觀 ,該館是得獎建築,遠觀就很引人 。原先館方僅安排一位館員導覽,但因PNC來賓參加者踴躍,故圖書館臨時增派一名館員,讓參觀可分兩組進行。我跟的這組由 Bruce Williams先生帶隊。
Williams 館員先說此館的籌建經費完全來自募款,並沒有用到加大的預算。我請問原因,他說UC Berkeley雖是公立大學,但董事會可能願意花錢建一個生命科學館,未必願意將經費用在建新的東亞圖書館。
我們這組參觀的路線依序為一樓、三樓、地下樓,先看一樓古籍掃瞄室、Coleman Fung媒體中心,再到三樓參觀採自然光的天窗設計等。該館館藏方面,有中文、日文、韓文、藏文等資料;人員則有精通中文、日文、韓文,及藏文的館員協助讀者,是北美收藏東亞書籍名列前茅的圖書館。
在地下室時,Williams 表示使用雖不到十年,但圖書有些飽和,打算將部分書架改為儲藏架,以容納更多館藏。我請問工程承重量的安全性,以及改建經費來源是學校出資,還是要向外募款?他笑著該館設計時的承重量做的是最大承載,所以用儲藏架增加館藏沒有安全疑慮;至於經費,錢的問題基本上是館長的工作,館長要想法子找錢。但看來沒有太大問題,因館長已經要提出更精細的估價,列出詳細數據與分項費用,以便給相關人員。
參觀時間雖是中午,但圖書館幾乎座無虛席。Williams 說因當週是考前最後一週,下週學校期末考。他說很遺憾學生來此並不是讀圖書館裡的書,而是帶著自己的書籍、筆電,準備期末考。他說因本圖書館除了外觀美麗,內部光線、布置宜人,很多人來圖書館不是讀書或查考資料,而是帶著其他想法,把這兒當作其他場所,如觀賞、瀏覽館內布置,或與朋友相約等,故被稱為是終點圖書館(destination library)。
這是我第一次聽到終點圖書館,但因時間已接近下午議程,PNC帶隊人員要大家儘離開圖館速回會議場地,來不及提問了。當晚因時差無法入眠,乾脆起床用隨身帶的laptop ,想瞭解一下C. V. Starr圖書館的背景,以及到底什麼是終點圖書館?
C. V. Starr東亞圖書館的興建經費4千6百40萬美元,捐款人超過千人,其中許多是亞裔美籍人士,金額從五元到八百萬不等,捐款百萬以上有11人,其中最大一筆為C. V. Starr基金會的八百萬美金。另外從紀念前加大校長田長霖先生(1935-2002)的各界捐款中也獲得六百萬美金的支持。C. V. Starr(1892-1968) 為商業鉅子,曾在柏克萊加大就讀,1919年於上海創辦AIG保險公司,與東亞的淵源頗深,1955年成立基金會,是美國大型的私人基金會之一。
C. V. Starr 東亞圖書館由Tod Williams Billie Tsien Architects of New York 建築事務所設計,工程從2005年開始,迄2007年十月完工典禮,2008年春天開放使用。館藏超過九十萬冊,是美國除了國會圖書館外,東亞藏書量前兩名的圖書館。館內有六千英尺的閱讀室、稀有書籍儲藏間、東亞藝術史討論室、團體閱讀空間,及電子媒體研讀區等,以滿足每年5500大學部及研究所學生,選修兩百個關於東亞語言、歷史、政治及其他課程等需求。柏克萊加大的東亞學程被美國教育部列為全美第一。
該館上下走了一圈,雖是來去匆匆,但舉目所見,從休息室的皮質沙發、閱讀區的桌椅、地毯,到牆上裝飾品,甚或燈具,都高雅沈靜,有整體質感。無論外觀或內部,本館可稱得上「秀外慧中」了。該館與一打以上的東亞學府或學術機構,簽有國際交流合作計畫,此外,還要接待UC柏克萊每年約有七百名來自東亞地區的訪問學者,將大學圖書館的功能充分發揮。
終點,顧名思義是人們要去的目的地。終點圖書館雖各方說法不一,但大都提到因為現在網路發達,圖書館的收藏資料,無論期刊、書籍或古籍均可數位化,成為電子資料庫,這些電子資料讓讀者使用更方便;也因此以往必須到圖書館去查資料的情形改變,這自然也使得圖書館的角色需調整。另方面,無論學校或社區因圖書館,其所在位置幾乎都位是校園或社區中心,故圖書館現在被視為是公共場地,以及終點。
終點除了實用性,通常也賞心悅目,吸引人目光。一如當今許多大型美術館、博物館,建築本身就是名家之作,無論羅浮宮、古根漢博物館、紐約現代藝術館MOMA ,都成為美學焦點,吸引人駐足參觀,可理解現今許多新的圖書館以別具一格的外觀設計取勝,以創造話題或帶動風潮,提升人氣。但圖書館不應僅是終點圖書館,觀賞的人潮僅是圖書館的附加價值,非核心功能,主要目的仍是滿足其設定對象求知的需求。我想Williams館員說的終點圖書館,是博君一粲的玩笑語,C.V. Starr 圖書館絕非僅是一個得獎的新穎時尚建築,其豐富的館藏與專業的館員,在在說明了它遠比終點圖書館還多。
[本日誌由 lisky 於 2014-06-17 06:43 PM 編輯]
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