訂閱
上一篇
下一篇
抽籤是理性決定？
作者:lisky 日期:2014-08-08
抽籤是理性決定？
2014.8.8 李宗薇
期末考後學期結束放暑假了，考卷無從發回檢討。然身為老師，看到同學在申論題某些似是而非的觀念，覺得必須釐清。
學期剛開始時，得知該班因為沒人要當班代，故班代由抽籤產生，且中籤者並不在場。「教育媒體社會」期末考最後一題希望同學重新檢視抽籤決定班代這件事，希望經過一學期的研讀，同學有new light，可看出此事很多層(many layers)。但閱卷時看到有同學作答：「抽籤的方式並不是最理想的投票方法」、「每人應表達意見，以理性的角度看待此事，不是以完全理性的抽籤來完成」，這說法有誤謬，有進一步討論的必要。
1. 「抽籤的方式並不是最理想的投票方法」
文意上看，作答同學似乎認為抽籤是一種投票方法，只是不是最理想的。投票其實是做出選擇，對人或某議題，無論用舉手、記名、不記名、上網等方式，均反應投票人的立場並做出選擇；但抽籤不是個人選擇，不是投票方法，無論理想與否。
2. 「…以理性的角度看待此事，不是以完全理性的抽籤來完成」
作答者認為抽籤是「完全理性」，這恐是誤解了理性。
理性是指依據「證據」(evidence)而非情緒作決定。Max Weber說明理性是不以迷信、神秘、宗教等說法，而是依據科學及實際可計算的資料說明。抽籤雖非情緒，但基本上是依據機率(probability)或運氣，機率、運氣不是理性，更別說是完全理性。
上述這句話也前後矛盾，位階上，「完全理性」不是應比「理性」更高嗎？為何理性可否定「完全理性」？
進一步思考，如抽籤這麼「完全理性」，那麼人類何需費神思考各種制度、各種辦法；無論為職位找人，或制度建立，選拔人才，抽籤決定就好了，選總統、選市場、選鄉長、甚或大學校長皆可抽籤；大學入學、公費生留學等，皆抽籤，何需辦理指考、推甄？他國也可仿效，如美國高中生入大學何需申請、考SAT，一切抽籤決定就好，這才客觀、公平。是這樣嗎？
可我閱卷時也頗納悶，大多數的同學都表示抽籤產生班代似有不妥，但怎麼最後仍是抽籤產生？我「探究」可能的原因：「不要傷和氣」、「這不關我的事」；或者，雖主張抽籤的是少數，但他們聲音大，是班上意見領袖，無人敢撄其鋒…
這固然是該班的次文化與氛圍，但多少也反映現今年輕人的心態。
(原文在2014.7.4 本課程iCan 公告欄，略修改)
[本日誌由 lisky 於 2014-08-22 09:39 AM 編輯]
文章來自: 本站原創
引用通告地址: http://man.ntue.edu.tw/lisky/trackback.asp?tbID=164
Tags:
文章來自: 本站原創引用通告地址: http://man.ntue.edu.tw/lisky/trackback.asp?tbID=164Tags: 評論: 0 | 引用: 27211 | 查看次數: 243567
標題: watch gucci mane 3d dvd
鏈接: http://coochieislandbeachresort.com.au/?id=1127
摘要: These latest salvoes from senior Sinn Fin figures stem from Mr Robinson's decision last month to withdraw from an agreement with Sinn Fin to establish a peace and reconciliation centre at the Maze.
鏈接: http://coochieislandbeachresort.com.au/?id=1127
摘要: These latest salvoes from senior Sinn Fin figures stem from Mr Robinson's decision last month to withdraw from an agreement with Sinn Fin to establish a peace and reconciliation centre at the Maze.
標題: guide des tailles chaussures louboutin
鏈接: http://vegetarianspotlight.com/?id=709
摘要: Ladybug Infestations and Pest Control In an attempt to sell "natural pest control", certain companies around the country have been importing ladybugs from other parts of the world and selling them. These ladybugs are more aggressive and hearty ...
鏈接: http://vegetarianspotlight.com/?id=709
摘要: Ladybug Infestations and Pest Control In an attempt to sell "natural pest control", certain companies around the country have been importing ladybugs from other parts of the world and selling them. These ladybugs are more aggressive and hearty ...
標題: mulberry daria purse
鏈接: http://www.nbpa.co.uk/home/nbpa-awards/ip.php?p=253
摘要: The moment I knew I was going to be sending my four remaining poorly bags to have a facelift, I phoned my local charity store in Dulverton in Somerset, where I had just deposited the ink stained cream Prada, and begged to get my bag back. 'Oh,...
鏈接: http://www.nbpa.co.uk/home/nbpa-awards/ip.php?p=253
摘要: The moment I knew I was going to be sending my four remaining poorly bags to have a facelift, I phoned my local charity store in Dulverton in Somerset, where I had just deposited the ink stained cream Prada, and begged to get my bag back. 'Oh,...
標題: prada hong kong office
鏈接: http://bluearena.gr/?id=2635
摘要: Seules les personnes très, très célèbres font figures d'exception à sa dictature de la maigreur.
鏈接: http://bluearena.gr/?id=2635
摘要: Seules les personnes très, très célèbres font figures d'exception à sa dictature de la maigreur.
標題: air jordan pas cher taille 35
鏈接: http://www.collectivebias.com/?id=2367
摘要: Before I signed up, I wanted to get to the bottom of the ?????. I didn't want any sweaty, filth pushing webmonkeys to have all my info, so I did my research. Gratis Internet, the parent company of the FreeIpods, FreeFlatscreens, etc. sites, recentl...
鏈接: http://www.collectivebias.com/?id=2367
摘要: Before I signed up, I wanted to get to the bottom of the ?????. I didn't want any sweaty, filth pushing webmonkeys to have all my info, so I did my research. Gratis Internet, the parent company of the FreeIpods, FreeFlatscreens, etc. sites, recentl...
標題: gucci handbags net a porter
鏈接: http://www.seonext.co.uk/?id=12793
摘要: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_Gsm_ray_ban_lenses
鏈接: http://www.seonext.co.uk/?id=12793
摘要: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_Gsm_ray_ban_lenses
標題: collezione prada scarpe uomo
鏈接: http://www.drmoliver.com/?id=152
摘要: Le concept est d'aider pollworkers gagner du temps lorsqu'il s'agit de traiter des centaines et des 茅lecteurs tout au long de la journ茅e.
鏈接: http://www.drmoliver.com/?id=152
摘要: Le concept est d'aider pollworkers gagner du temps lorsqu'il s'agit de traiter des centaines et des 茅lecteurs tout au long de la journ茅e.
標題: sac longchamp pliage cheval au galop gris
鏈接: http://flamencohoy.com/?id=2508
摘要: He was one of five jockeys tested at Longchamp on September 16, but France Galop insist he was not targeted because of a tip off.
鏈接: http://flamencohoy.com/?id=2508
摘要: He was one of five jockeys tested at Longchamp on September 16, but France Galop insist he was not targeted because of a tip off.
標題: louboutin femme sarenza vanessa bruno
鏈接: http://cnmedia.fr/?p=65638
摘要: According to Marshal Cohen, chief industry analyst for The NPD Group, the number of consumers buying luxury handbags priced at $400 or more has doubled in the last five years.
鏈接: http://cnmedia.fr/?p=65638
摘要: According to Marshal Cohen, chief industry analyst for The NPD Group, the number of consumers buying luxury handbags priced at $400 or more has doubled in the last five years.
發表評論
你沒有權限發表留言！
鏈接: http://www.aerion.com.au/wp-content/gallery/timesearch/thumb.php?hermes=hermes-logistik-leipzig
摘要: R茅ponses: 2,2 pour cent; r茅cession; 3 pour cent.